Month: July 2020

Ramblings on Krama School

Animesh Nagar Tantra , , , , , , , , , , , ,

  • Krama is oldest Kashmirian philosophical School.
  • It predates spanda and pratyAbhij~nA schools of Kashmir Shaivism.
  • devInaya,kAlInaya,atinaya, mahAnaya,mahArtha,ShaDardha are synonyms of Krama.
  • The word mahArtha overshadowed the usage of word Krama in later literature.
  • There were two main subschools of Krama system in Kashmir 1) mahAsAhasa School 2) ChummAmudrA School
  • Based on geographical location as well as philosophical differences there were two major schools of Krama system . 1) North Indian chatuShTayArtha School 2) South Indian pa~nchArtha School
  • It belongs to uttarAmnAya the northern current of transmissions from vAmadeva face of Shiva .
  • Krama is cream of uttarAmnAya.
  • uDDiyAnapITha of ma~Ngalapura state was main centre of Krama School.vajrayAna form of Buddhism orignated here.Guru Padmasambhava belongs to this place.
  • shrImakAradevI directly initiated j~nAnanetranAtha in this system . He is also know as AvatArakanAth.
  • Supreme reality according to Krama School is Goddess kRRishA or kAlasa~NkarShiNI with mahAmanthAnabhairava.

  • It is Shakti oriented approch towards supreme reality.
  • Krama practices fall under umbrella of shAktopAya.
  • Krama School regards dvaita and advaita as irrelevant,since such a concept of reality can’t be anything but relative.
  • Krama School is critical of bandha versus mokSha concept.
  • Followers of Krama School regards bhagavatagItA as a kramAgama.
  • According to Kramakeli of AbhinavaguptAchArya GitA is an attempt on part of KrShna to expound to Arjun the philosophy of Krama .
  • Besides the famous opening of the fourth chapter of GitA , according to him records the original history of Krama system. While initiating Arjun into Krama ,He had to enter supremestate of kAlasa~NkarShiNI
  • Krama School preferred local languages over Brahmanical Sanskrit.
  • mahArthama~njarI is composed in mahArAShTrI by maheshvarAnandanAtha.
  • shitikaNThAchArya wrote mahAnAyaprakAsha in prAkRRita.
  • taNtrasAra preserves some prAkRRita verses by abhinavaguptAchArya.
  • 4th Ahnika of tantrAloka deals with Krama system . abhinavaguptAchArya received Krama teachings from shrI bhUtirAja who was an extraordinary expert of kAlInaya.
  • mahAnayaprakAsha of shrIkaNTha, mahAnayaprakAsha of shitikaNTha, mahArthama~njarI of maheshvarAnanda , chidgaganachandrikA of shrIvatsa, vAtulanAthasUtrANi with commentry by anantashaktipAda are currently available Krama scriptures .kramakelI, siddhanAtha’s kramastava, kramasUtra, kramasiddhi, kAlIkrama, mahAnayapaddhati, mahArthasUtra, kramAgama etc are extint scriptures .
  • Krama System rejects Brahmanical caste system based on selective discrimination,any one who is qualified can get initiation in this system.
  • Krama System rejects authority of Vedas and Smritis .
  • Followers of Krama System don’t believe in external ritualism, for them all rituals are purely internal.
  • kAlIstotra of shivAnandanAtha , siddhanAtha’s kramastotra and khachakrapa~nchakastotra of arNasiMha are main stotras of this school.
ह्रीँ श्रीँ क्रमनाथ सहित क्रमाम्बा पादुकां पुजायमि ॥

कुलाचार्यश्रीशम्भुनाथ

Animesh Nagar Tantra , , , ,

जिनकी वंदना करते हुए महामाहेश्वर श्रीअभिनवगुप्ताचार्य अपने तंत्रालोक में लिखते हैं

भट्टं भट्टारिकानाथं श्रीकण्ठं दृष्टभैरवम् ।
भूतिकलाश्रियायुक्तं नृसिंहं वीरमुत्कटम् ।नानाभिधानमाद्यन्तं वन्दे शम्भुं महागुरुम् ॥

उन श्रीशम्भुनाथ की पादुका का विमर्श करते हुए उनके जीवनविषय को प्रकाशित करते हैं ।
श्रीशम्भुनाथ अपने समय (लगभग 950CE) के सर्वश्रेष्ठ कुलाचार्य थे। श्रीशम्भुनाथ जालन्धरपीठ में अपनी दुती भगवती के साथ निवास करते थें । श्रीशम्भुनाथ के गुरू‌ श्रीसुमतिनाथ थें । श्रीसुमतिनाथ दाक्षिणात्य थें, परन्तु जालन्धरपीठ में निवास करते थें । श्रीसुमतिनाथ से पूर्व की परम्परा सिद्धौघगुरुओं की हैं । श्रीअभिनवगुप्ताचार्य काश्मीरदेश से जालंधरपीठ श्रीशम्भुनाथ से कुलसंप्रादय की दीक्षा लेने गये । श्रीशम्भुनाथ ने श्रीअभिनवगुप्ताचार्य को साक्षात भैरव के लक्षण से युक्त जानकर कुलमार्ग में दीक्षित किया। कुलार्थ,कुलचक्रयाग तथा दुतीयागादि कुलप्रक्रियाओं में पारंगत किया । श्रीदेवीयामल, रत्नमालागाम, योगिनीसंचार,माधवकुल,योगिनीकौल तथा कुलगह्वरादि कुलागमों का अध्ययन करवाया । कुलागम के अनुयायी परमतत्व को विश्वात्मक मानते हैं । तंत्रालोक का २९वाँ आह्निक कुलप्रक्रिया तथा कुलयाग से संबंधित हैं। श्रीशम्भुनाथाम्नाय का ही विस्तार इसमे किया गया हैं । श्रीअभिनवगुप्ताचार्य कृत देहस्थदेवतास्तोत्र पर कुलमत का पूरा पूरा प्रभाव हैं । श्रीअभिनवगुप्ताचार्य अपने तंत्रालोक में निम्न प्रकार से अपने गुरु का स्मरण करते हैं ।

जयताज्जगदुद्धृतिक्षमोऽसौ
भगवत्या सह शम्भुनाथ एकः । यदुदीरितशासनांशुभिर्मे प्रकटोऽयं गहनोऽयं शास्त्रमार्गः ॥
इत्यागमं सकलशास्त्रमहानिधाना
च्छ्रीशम्भुनाथवदनादधिगम्य सम्यक् ।
शास्त्रे रहस्यरससंततिसुन्दरेऽस्मिन्
गम्भीरवाचिरचिताविवृत्तिर्मयेयम् ॥ तंत्रालोक१.१२-१३